Mini ray tracer benchmark written equivalently in C++, Java, SML, Objective Caml, Lisp, Scheme. Compares verbosity, performance; text, code samples, tables, image, graph. [Flying Frog Consultancy]

TOM attempts to address flaws in these languages: C++, Cecil, Common Lisp, Eiffel, Java, Objective-C, Smalltalk.

Compares Ruby, Objective-C, Smalltalk-80, C++, Java, Python, CLOS, Perl5, PHP, Dylan.

Compares Java and Smalltalk, in text and table. By Rodney Bates. [ACM Queue]

Derek Sivers spent two years trying to make Rails do something it wasn't meant to do, then realized his old abandoned language (PHP) would do just fine if approached with my new Rails-gained wisdom.

Common algorithms and other sample code in the languages: Bash and Bourne shells, C/C++, Java, MATLAB/Octave, Perl, Python, Ruby, Scheme.

Operator names and syntax elements in various programming languages.

Text compares Python and Eiffel, via Tim Peters' Zen rules.

Browse, explore some programming language syntax rules, see relations between rules, understand them via BNF (Backus-Naur Form notation) and syntactic diagrams: SQL, PL/SQL, SQL2, IDL; Ada 95, Java, Modula-2; Lazy, Lisp, M5.

Interview with Dennis Ritchie, Bjarne Stroustrup, James Gosling.